- 本文目录导读:
- 1、红外线气体传感器的原理
- 2、激光谱法原理
- 3、红外线传感器基本构成环节
- 4、红外线气体传感器的基本组成环节
- 5、结论
红外线气体传感器的原理
红外线(IR)是一种电磁波,对于不同化合物来说它们会吸收不同波长的IR。这就是利用IR技术检测和分类化学品混合物中含量比较常见的方式之一。
工作机制:一个特定波长范围内投射到样品上方并穿过它时,将被样品吸收。 在目标之后放置控制器,并使用检测装置在该点捕获其余光束。 从输入总强度中减去剩余灰度就可以计算出其中消失了多少时间或能量,以及由此产生的相位偏移值。
注意:每个化合物都具有唯一性,因此使用这些设备进行识别通常非常精确且可靠。
激光谱法原理
Lidar即“激光雷达”(Light Detection and Ranging)。Lidar适用于大气、海洋和陆地中许多应用程序。
- LIDAR:
- - 通过发射激光脉冲,并通过检测时间来确定目标的位置。
- - 能够提供有用信息,如地形,建筑物高度等。
- 激光天气雷达:
- - 检测诸如降雨的大气现象中存在的水滴和颗粒(例如:hail)以及沙尘暴; 微生物也可以使用该设备进行检测。
- The incandescent light bulb (filament): A tungsten wire filament with a vacuum or an inert gas environment encapsulated in a glass bulb. When electricity passes through the filament, it creates heat and energy that emits infrared radiation.
- Infrared-emitting Diodes (IREDs): IREDs use semiconductor materials to produce high-intensity infrared beams at specific wavelengths. It is commonly used due to its low cost, small size, and fast response time.
- Analog Signal Processing: Involves signal amplification, filtering, integration and differentiation circuits. It can also lead to a digital output for display or processing by another component in the system.
- Digital Signal Processing (DSP): This involves digitizing analog signals into binary data that can be processed mathematically. This allows additional processing capabilities which wouldn't have been possible with just analog circuitry.
- Laser source: The laser transmitter emits light at specific wavelengths into the sample gas.
- Oscillator sensor: A detector measures changes in concentration of target molecules as they interact with lasers passing through them.
- Purge gate valve: Used to create turbulence inside measurement chamber by removing air before sample flow begins to reduce contaminants and ensure accuracy.
- Mirror cell:The measurement area contains mirrors designed to reflect laser light back-and-forth across measuring cells multiple times increasing sensitivity up-to 1ppm
- -Data processor: Strong>You computer'd central unit uses DSP algorithms and mathematical formulae to convert obtained absorption values into actual gas concentrations per volume ratioses.
结论
有了这些信息,您应该对红外线气体传感器的工作原理和组成部分有一个更好的了解。有多种类型的IR传感器可供选择,以满足不同用途和预算要求。 您也可以考虑在研究之前咨询专业制造商来帮助您把这些元素整合到单个系统中,并确保性能符合要求。
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红外线传感器基本构成环节
让我们看一下由什么组成了一个红外线(IR)传感器。 我们将了解其发射元件、接收元件和信号处理段的功能。
发射元件:
这里是指在数百到数千纳米范围内工作的两种不同类型:
接收元件:
The receiving element is a device that senses the intensity of infrared radiation. Common types include thermopile detectors, pyroelectric detectors, and photodiodes.
信号处理部分:
红外线气体传感器的基本组成环节
在功能上,涉及以下几个主要元素:
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